2. mysql安装
mysql的安装¶
1安装包的区别¶
glibc 与普通的 rpm包，glibc是编译后的版本,在安装的时候无需编译,rpm包是linux发行版带的包
MySQL5.7.17数据库glibc版本安装方法¶
1 下载地址
国内几个开源的地址
[搜狐mysql](http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/) [other](http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/)
2 开始安装
下载mysql tar zxf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql groupadd -r mysql useradd -r -g mysql mysql -c "MySQL Server" -d /dev/null -s /sbin/nologin yum -y install numactl mkdir -p /data/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql #一定要有这一步，不然初始化之后启动会失败，因为你初始化写的是mysql用户 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp #会生成一个临时密码需要记录下来 mkdri -p /var/lib/mysql chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql 启动 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql &
注意点
注意查看mysql_safe启动的mysql的socket路径 [root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql root 1835 1372 0 06:02 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql mysql 1989 1835 0 06:02 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
3继续安装
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation 默认的socket是/tmp/socket [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: Error: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2) 这样的话在启动的时候指定soxket /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock root@215706:/usr/local/mysql# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password. New password: Re-enter new password: VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords and improve security. It checks the strength of password and allows the users to set only those passwords which are secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin? Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: Using existing password for root. Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no ... skipping. By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n ... skipping. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y - Dropping test database... Success. - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success.
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin/mysqladmin ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/mysqldump ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config /usr/bin/mysql_config ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20.3.4 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20.3.4
cat >/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf<<'eof' /usr/lib/mysql /usr/local/mysql/lib eof ldconfig cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql service mysql status mkdir -p /etc/mysql/conf.d/ cat >/etc/my.cnf<<'eof' [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld_safe] pid-file = /data/mysql/mysqld.pid socket = /tmp/mysql.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4' character-set-server = utf8 skip-host-cache skip-name-resolve user = mysql pid-file = /data/mysql/mysqld.pid socket = /tmp/mysql.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql tmpdir = /tmp log_error = /data/mysql/error.log lc-messages-dir = /usr/local/mysql/share log_bin_trust_function_creators=1 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp max_connections = 1000 log-output=FILE general-log=1 general_log_file= /data/mysql/query.log #记录mysql操作的所有数据 symbolic-links=0 !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ [mysql] default-character-set = utf8mb4 eof cat >/etc/mysql/conf.d/performance-tuning-16GB.cnf<<'eof' [mysqld] skip-external-locking max_allowed_packet = 1M net_buffer_length = 8K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K key_buffer_size = 512M table_open_cache = 2048 sort_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M thread_cache_size = 256 query_cache_size = 256M tmp_table_size = 256M explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 100 open_files_limit = 65535 #log-bin=mysql-bin #看需求,可加也可以不加 binlog_format=mixed server-id = 1 expire_logs_days = 10 early-plugin-load = "" default_storage_engine = InnoDB innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 innodb_file_format = Barracuda innodb_file_per_table = 1 eof
开启mysql 一般在这之前先杀死，刚才启动的然后在启动
/etc/init.d/mysql start 或者 systemctl enable mysql.service 即可